How does mediation typically conclude?

Mediation typically concludes with a signed agreement from both parties, which is a critical hallmark of the mediation process. Mediation is a voluntary and collaborative dispute resolution method where a neutral third party, the mediator, facilitates discussions between the involved parties. The goal is to help them reach a mutually acceptable resolution to their dispute.

When both parties come to an agreement during mediation, it is documented in a signed agreement, which outlines the terms both parties have accepted. This agreement usually serves as a binding contract that can be enforced in a court if necessary, providing a sense of finality to the mediation process.

The other options do not reflect how mediation usually works. A judge's ruling typically occurs in a trial or a court setting, not in mediation. A formal court order is also not a part of the mediation process; such orders arise from judicial decisions, not from negotiated agreements. While it is possible for one party to concede during mediation, the ideal conclusion involves both parties reaching a consensus and formalizing it through a signed agreement. Thus, the correct understanding of how mediation concludes focuses on the collaborative nature of the agreement reached between parties.